Alaska: Rough Timeline and Points of Interest Leading up to Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act
1741 – 1st contact
1867 – Treaty of Cession
Ø Purchase from The Russians for 7.2 million dollars
Ø NO consultation with Native groups
1884 – Organic Act
Ø Est. Territorial Govt.
Ø Provided for Native residency but not citizenship
Ø Prospectors and missionaries allowed land claims/holdings (citizens)
1912 – Alaska Native Brotherhood established
Ø Goal was to fight for the implementation of civil rights and citizenship for Alaska Natives
1924 – Citizenship Act
Ø Voting rights established for all Native Alaskans
1941 – 45 –WWII
Ø The war brings construction and development to the State
Ø 1942 – ALCAN highway construction
1959 – Alaska Statehood Act
Ø Congress approves 1/3 of land (approx. 104 million acres) to be selected for state land.
Ø State could either develop or sell for income
Ø Natives still have no title to land
1964 – Dot Lake land sale
Ø Village land dived and sold to highest bidder
Ø Advertised as “Wilderness Sites” at New York, Worlds’ Fair.
1968 – OIL (Prudhoe Bay)
Ø Discovery of large deposits of oil on the North Slope
Ø Precedent for ANSCA
Ø Land claims must be settled before construction and production of drill sites and pipeline.
**Questions in the courts:
Ø What would be allotted out of the total 367.7 million acres that is AK?
Ø What was traditionally used by the Native Groups?
Ø Proof?
o Had to define land claim boundaries.
Dec. 17, 1971 – Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act (ANCSA)
Ø 11% (44 million acres) - Alaska Natives
o $962.5 million awarded for land that wasn’t received.
Ø 60% - United States Government
Ø 28% - State of Alaska
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